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From: Jibun no Kage <jibunnokage@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jun 2023 17:38:53 -0700
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Subject: Alpine 3.18 in aarch64 QEMU/KVM VM, has ethernet interface, but no
 communication results?
To: ~alpine/users@lists.alpinelinux.org
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Alpine 3.18 in aarch64 QEMU/KVM VM, has ethernet interface, but no
communication results?  The eth0 interface exists, I can ping it if I
assign a static IP address via /etc/network/interfaces.  And the route
table has a default gateway as expected.  But no communication results?

On the same aarch64 system, VMs running say Debian 11, Debian 12, and
Ubuntu 22.04 Jammy Jelly fish work as expected, in reference to network
communication.  So I believe I have QEM/KVM installed correctly, I happen
to be using a bridge interface to the physical NIC on the SBC that is
aarch64 based.  The SBC is an IndieDroid Nova.

Any help is greatly appreciated.  Detail information...

Core OS...
# cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Armbian 23.05.0-trunk jammy"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="22.04"
VERSION="22.04.2 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)"
VERSION_CODENAME=jammy
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="
https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=jammy

# uname -a
Linux indiedroid-nova 5.10.110-rockchip-rk3588-indiedroid #1 SMP PREEMPT
Thu Mar 9 02:22:35 UTC 2023 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux

QEMU/KVM
# /usr/bin/qemu-system-aarch64 --version
QEMU emulator version 6.2.0 (Debian 1:6.2+dfsg-2ubuntu6.11)
Copyright (c) 2003-2021 Fabrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers
# kvm --version
QEMU emulator version 6.2.0 (Debian 1:6.2+dfsg-2ubuntu6.11)
Copyright (c) 2003-2021 Fabrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers

# brctl show
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
br0             8000.42c8c028b51b       no              enP4p65s0
                                                        vnet5
docker0         8000.024258701c19       no

# virsh list
 Id   Name          State
-----------------------------
 6    Alpine-3.18   running

# virsh dumpxml Alpine-3.18
<domain type='kvm' id='6'>
  <name>Alpine-3.18</name>
  <uuid>bbb0252d-062f-4e05-bb14-90f8355730aa</uuid>
  <metadata>
    <libosinfo:libosinfo xmlns:libosinfo="
http://libosinfo.org/xmlns/libvirt/domain/1.0">
      <libosinfo:os id="http://alpinelinux.org/alpinelinux/3.18"/>
    </libosinfo:libosinfo>
  </metadata>
  <memory unit='KiB'>1048576</memory>
  <currentMemory unit='KiB'>1048576</currentMemory>
  <vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>
  <resource>
    <partition>/machine</partition>
  </resource>
  <os>
    <type arch='aarch64' machine='virt-6.2'>hvm</type>
    <loader readonly='yes'
type='pflash'>/usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd</loader>
    <nvram>/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/Alpine-3.18_VARS.fd</nvram>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <gic version='3'/>
  </features>
  <cpu mode='host-passthrough' check='none'/>
  <clock offset='utc'/>
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
  <devices>
    <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-aarch64</emulator>
    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
      <source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/Alpine-3.18.qcow2' index='2'/>
      <backingStore/>
      <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
      <boot order='2'/>
      <alias name='virtio-disk0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x05' slot='0x00'
function='0x0'/>
    </disk>
    <disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
      <source file='/home/ttt/Downloads/alpine-standard-3.18.2-aarch64.iso'
index='1'/>
      <backingStore/>
      <target dev='sda' bus='scsi'/>
      <readonly/>
      <boot order='1'/>
      <alias name='scsi0-0-0-0'/>
      <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
    </disk>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='qemu-xhci' ports='15'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x02' slot='0x00'
function='0x0'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='scsi' index='0' model='virtio-scsi'>
      <alias name='scsi0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x03' slot='0x00'
function='0x0'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pcie-root'>
      <alias name='pcie.0'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='1' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='1' port='0x8'/>
      <alias name='pci.1'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01'
function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='2' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='2' port='0x9'/>
      <alias name='pci.2'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01'
function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='3' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='3' port='0xa'/>
      <alias name='pci.3'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01'
function='0x2'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='4' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='4' port='0xb'/>
      <alias name='pci.4'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01'
function='0x3'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='5' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='5' port='0xc'/>
      <alias name='pci.5'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01'
function='0x4'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='6' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='6' port='0xd'/>
      <alias name='pci.6'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01'
function='0x5'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='7' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='7' port='0xe'/>
      <alias name='pci.7'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01'
function='0x6'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='8' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='8' port='0xf'/>
      <alias name='pci.8'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01'
function='0x7'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='9' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='9' port='0x10'/>
      <alias name='pci.9'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02'
function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='10' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='10' port='0x11'/>
      <alias name='pci.10'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02'
function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='11' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='11' port='0x12'/>
      <alias name='pci.11'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02'
function='0x2'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='12' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='12' port='0x13'/>
      <alias name='pci.12'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02'
function='0x3'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='13' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='13' port='0x14'/>
      <alias name='pci.13'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02'
function='0x4'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='14' model='pcie-root-port'>
      <model name='pcie-root-port'/>
      <target chassis='14' port='0x15'/>
      <alias name='pci.14'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02'
function='0x5'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
      <alias name='virtio-serial0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x04' slot='0x00'
function='0x0'/>
    </controller>
    <interface type='bridge'>
      <mac address='52:54:00:62:b1:4b'/>
      <source bridge='br0'/>
      <target dev='vnet5'/>
      <model type='virtio'/>
      <alias name='net0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x01' slot='0x00'
function='0x0'/>
    </interface>
    <serial type='pty'>
      <source path='/dev/pts/0'/>
      <target type='system-serial' port='0'>
        <model name='pl011'/>
      </target>
      <alias name='serial0'/>
    </serial>
    <console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/0'>
      <source path='/dev/pts/0'/>
      <target type='serial' port='0'/>
      <alias name='serial0'/>
    </console>
    <channel type='unix'>
      <source mode='bind'
path='/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/channel/target/domain-6-Alpine-3.18/org.qemu.guest_agent.0'/>
      <target type='virtio' name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0'
state='disconnected'/>
      <alias name='channel0'/>
      <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </channel>
    <audio id='1' type='none'/>
    <memballoon model='virtio'>
      <alias name='balloon0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x06' slot='0x00'
function='0x0'/>
    </memballoon>
    <rng model='virtio'>
      <backend model='random'>/dev/urandom</backend>
      <alias name='rng0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x07' slot='0x00'
function='0x0'/>
    </rng>
  </devices>
  <seclabel type='dynamic' model='dac' relabel='yes'>
    <label>+64055:+109</label>
    <imagelabel>+64055:+109</imagelabel>
  </seclabel>
</domain>

# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 52:54:00:62:B1:4B
          inet addr:192.168.1.211  Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fe62:b14b/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:35010 errors:0 dropped:10 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:983 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:2100600 (2.0 MiB)  TX bytes:296646 (289.6 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:18 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:18 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:1432 (1.3 KiB)  TX bytes:1432 (1.3 KiB)

# ip route
default via 192.168.1.2 dev eth0  metric 1 onlink
192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 scope link  src 192.168.1.211

# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use
Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.1.2     0.0.0.0         UG    1      0        0 eth0
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0

# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen
1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state
UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:62:b1:4b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

# ping 192.168.1.211 -c 4
PING 192.168.1.211 (192.168.1.211): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.1.211: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.130 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.211: seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.508 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.211: seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.235 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.211: seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.198 ms

--- 192.168.1.211 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.130/0.267/0.508 ms

# ping 192.168.1.2 -c 4
PING 192.168.1.2 (192.168.1.2): 56 data bytes

--- 192.168.1.2 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss

# cat /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 192.168.1.3

# cat /var/log/dmesg | grep INET
[    0.191443] NET: Registered PF_INET protocol family
[    3.245211] NET: Registered PF_INET6 protocol family

# cat /var/log/dmesg | grep net
localhost:/etc/network# cat /etc/network/interfaces
auto eth0
#iface eth0 inet dhcp
iface eth0 inet static
        address 192.168.1.211/24
        gateway 192.168.1.2

# service networking restart
 * Stopping networking ...
 *   lo ...
 [ ok ]
 *   eth0 ...
 [ ok ]
 * Starting networking ...
 *   lo ...
 [ ok ]
 *   eth0 ...
 [ ok ]

--00000000000061b7b705ff39ed06
Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Alpine 3.18 in aarch64 QEMU/KVM VM, has ethernet inte=
rface, but no communication results?=C2=A0 The eth0 interface exists, I can=
 ping it if I assign a static IP address via /etc/network/interfaces.=C2=A0=
 And the route table has a default gateway as expected.=C2=A0 But no commun=
ication results?</div><div><br></div><div>On the same aarch64 system, VMs r=
unning say Debian 11, Debian 12, and Ubuntu 22.04 Jammy Jelly fish work as =
expected, in reference to network communication.=C2=A0 So I believe I have =
QEM/KVM installed correctly, I happen to be using a bridge interface to the=
 physical NIC on the SBC that is aarch64 based.=C2=A0 The SBC is an IndieDr=
oid Nova.</div><div><br></div><div>Any help is greatly appreciated.=C2=A0 D=
etail information...<br></div><div><br></div><div>Core OS...</div><div># ca=
t /etc/os-release<br>PRETTY_NAME=3D&quot;Armbian 23.05.0-trunk jammy&quot;<=
br>NAME=3D&quot;Ubuntu&quot;<br>VERSION_ID=3D&quot;22.04&quot;<br>VERSION=
=3D&quot;22.04.2 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)&quot;<br>VERSION_CODENAME=3Djammy<br=
>ID=3Dubuntu<br>ID_LIKE=3Ddebian<br>HOME_URL=3D&quot;<a href=3D"https://www=
.ubuntu.com/">https://www.ubuntu.com/</a>&quot;<br>SUPPORT_URL=3D&quot;<a h=
ref=3D"https://help.ubuntu.com/">https://help.ubuntu.com/</a>&quot;<br>BUG_=
REPORT_URL=3D&quot;<a href=3D"https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/">https://b=
ugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/</a>&quot;<br>PRIVACY_POLICY_URL=3D&quot;<a href=
=3D"https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy">https:/=
/www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy</a>&quot;<br>UBUNTU=
_CODENAME=3Djammy</div><div><br></div># uname -a<div>Linux indiedroid-nova =
5.10.110-rockchip-rk3588-indiedroid #1 SMP PREEMPT Thu Mar 9 02:22:35 UTC 2=
023 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux</div><div><br></div><div>QEMU/KVM</di=
v><div></div><div># /usr/bin/qemu-system-aarch64 --version<br>QEMU emulator=
 version 6.2.0 (Debian 1:6.2+dfsg-2ubuntu6.11)<br>Copyright (c) 2003-2021 F=
abrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers</div><div># kvm --version<br=
>QEMU emulator version 6.2.0 (Debian 1:6.2+dfsg-2ubuntu6.11)<br>Copyright (=
c) 2003-2021 Fabrice Bellard and the QEMU Project developers</div><div><br>=
</div><div># brctl show<br>bridge name =C2=A0 =C2=A0 bridge id =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 STP enabled =C2=A0 =C2=A0 interfaces=
<br>br0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 8000.42c8c028b51b =C2=A0 =
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 no =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0enP4p65s0<=
br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 vnet5<br>docker0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 8000.024258701c19 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 no<br></div=
><div><br></div><div># virsh list<br>=C2=A0Id =C2=A0 Name =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0State<br>-----------------------------<br>=C2=A06 =C2=A0 =
=C2=A0Alpine-3.18 =C2=A0 running</div><div><br></div><div># virsh dumpxml A=
lpine-3.18<br>&lt;domain type=3D&#39;kvm&#39; id=3D&#39;6&#39;&gt;<br>=C2=
=A0 &lt;name&gt;Alpine-3.18&lt;/name&gt;<br>=C2=A0 &lt;uuid&gt;bbb0252d-062=
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=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;alias name=3D&#39;serial0&#39;/&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 &lt;/console&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;channel type=3D&#39;unix&#39;&gt;=
<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;source mode=3D&#39;bind&#39; path=3D&#39;/var/=
lib/libvirt/qemu/channel/target/domain-6-Alpine-3.18/org.qemu.guest_agent.0=
&#39;/&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;target type=3D&#39;virtio&#39; name=
=3D&#39;org.qemu.guest_agent.0&#39; state=3D&#39;disconnected&#39;/&gt;<br>=
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;alias name=3D&#39;channel0&#39;/&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;address type=3D&#39;virtio-serial&#39; controller=3D&#39;0&#=
39; bus=3D&#39;0&#39; port=3D&#39;1&#39;/&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;/channel=
&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;audio id=3D&#39;1&#39; type=3D&#39;none&#39;/&gt;=
<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;memballoon model=3D&#39;virtio&#39;&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;alias name=3D&#39;balloon0&#39;/&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0=
 &lt;address type=3D&#39;pci&#39; domain=3D&#39;0x0000&#39; bus=3D&#39;0x06=
&#39; slot=3D&#39;0x00&#39; function=3D&#39;0x0&#39;/&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =
&lt;/memballoon&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;rng model=3D&#39;virtio&#39;&gt;<b=
r>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;backend model=3D&#39;random&#39;&gt;/dev/urandom=
&lt;/backend&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;alias name=3D&#39;rng0&#39;/&g=
t;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;address type=3D&#39;pci&#39; domain=3D&#39;0=
x0000&#39; bus=3D&#39;0x07&#39; slot=3D&#39;0x00&#39; function=3D&#39;0x0&#=
39;/&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;/rng&gt;<br>=C2=A0 &lt;/devices&gt;<br>=C2=A0=
 &lt;seclabel type=3D&#39;dynamic&#39; model=3D&#39;dac&#39; relabel=3D&#39=
;yes&#39;&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;label&gt;+64055:+109&lt;/label&gt;<br>=
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;imagelabel&gt;+64055:+109&lt;/imagelabel&gt;<br>=C2=A0 &l=
t;/seclabel&gt;<br>&lt;/domain&gt;</div><div><br></div><div># ifconfig<br>e=
th0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0Link encap:Ethernet =C2=A0HWaddr 52:54:00:62:B1:4B<=
br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 inet addr:192.168.1.211 =C2=A0Bcast:0=
.0.0.0 =C2=A0Mask:255.255.255.0<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 inet6=
 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fe62:b14b/64 Scope:Link<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0=
 =C2=A0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST =C2=A0MTU:1500 =C2=A0Metric:1<br>=C2=
=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 RX packets:35010 errors:0 dropped:10 overru=
ns:0 frame:0<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 TX packets:983 errors:0 =
dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 collis=
ions:0 txqueuelen:1000<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 RX bytes:21006=
00 (2.0 MiB) =C2=A0TX bytes:296646 (289.6 KiB)<br><br>lo =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0Link encap:Local Loopback<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 i=
net addr:127.0.0.1 =C2=A0Mask:255.0.0.0<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 UP=
 LOOPBACK RUNNING =C2=A0MTU:65536 =C2=A0Metric:1<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 RX packets:18 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0<br>=C2=A0=
 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 TX packets:18 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 ca=
rrier:0<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000<=
br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 RX bytes:1432 (1.3 KiB) =C2=A0TX byte=
s:1432 (1.3 KiB)<br><br># ip route<br>default via 192.168.1.2 dev eth0 =C2=
=A0metric 1 onlink<br><a href=3D"http://192.168.1.0/24">192.168.1.0/24</a> =
dev eth0 scope link =C2=A0src 192.168.1.211<br><br># route -n<br>Kernel IP =
routing table<br>Destination =C2=A0 =C2=A0 Gateway =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 Genmask =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 Flags Metric Ref =C2=A0 =C2=A0Use I=
face<br>0.0.0.0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 192.168.1.2 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 0.0.0=
.0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 UG =C2=A0 =C2=A01 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A00 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A00 eth0<br>192.168.1.0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 0.0.0.0 =C2=A0 =
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 255.255.255.0 =C2=A0 U =C2=A0 =C2=A0 0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =
=C2=A00 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A00 eth0<br><br># ip link<br>1: lo: &lt;LO=
OPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1000<br>=
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00<br>2: e=
th0: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast stat=
e UP qlen 1000<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 link/ether 52:54:00:62:b1:4b brd ff:ff:ff:f=
f:ff:ff<br><br># ping 192.168.1.211 -c 4<br>PING 192.168.1.211 (192.168.1.2=
11): 56 data bytes<br>64 bytes from <a href=3D"http://192.168.1.211">192.16=
8.1.211</a>: seq=3D0 ttl=3D64 time=3D0.130 ms<br>64 bytes from <a href=3D"h=
ttp://192.168.1.211">192.168.1.211</a>: seq=3D1 ttl=3D64 time=3D0.508 ms<br=
>64 bytes from <a href=3D"http://192.168.1.211">192.168.1.211</a>: seq=3D2 =
ttl=3D64 time=3D0.235 ms<br>64 bytes from <a href=3D"http://192.168.1.211">=
192.168.1.211</a>: seq=3D3 ttl=3D64 time=3D0.198 ms<br><br>--- 192.168.1.21=
1 ping statistics ---<br>4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% pack=
et loss<br>round-trip min/avg/max =3D 0.130/0.267/0.508 ms<br><br># ping 19=
2.168.1.2 -c 4<br>PING 192.168.1.2 (192.168.1.2): 56 data bytes<br><br>--- =
192.168.1.2 ping statistics ---<br>4 packets transmitted, 0 packets receive=
d, 100% packet loss<br><br># cat /etc/resolv.conf<br>nameserver 192.168.1.3=
<br><br># cat /var/log/dmesg | grep INET<br>[ =C2=A0 =C2=A00.191443] NET: R=
egistered PF_INET protocol family<br>[ =C2=A0 =C2=A03.245211] NET: Register=
ed PF_INET6 protocol family<br><br># cat /var/log/dmesg | grep net<br>local=
host:/etc/network# cat /etc/network/interfaces<br>auto eth0<br>#iface eth0 =
inet dhcp<br>iface eth0 inet static<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 address =
<a href=3D"http://192.168.1.211/24">192.168.1.211/24</a><br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 gateway 192.168.1.2<br><br># service networking restart<br>=
=C2=A0* Stopping networking ...<br>=C2=A0* =C2=A0 lo ...<br>=C2=A0[ ok ]<br=
>=C2=A0* =C2=A0 eth0 ...<br>=C2=A0[ ok ]<br>=C2=A0* Starting networking ...=
<br>=C2=A0* =C2=A0 lo ...<br>=C2=A0[ ok ]<br>=C2=A0* =C2=A0 eth0 ...<br>=C2=
=A0[ ok ]<br></div><div><br></div></div>

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